EGE 11 класс

Вариант №1

1. Аудирование: сопоставление высказываний

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A‑F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1‑7. Используйте каждое утверждение только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение.

  • 1. Fear of public speaking is natural and can be managed.
  • 2. Developing public speaking skills is a real challenge.
  • 3. Speaking skills can make you a better leader.
  • 4. I tried different things, but only one worked for me.
  • 5. Simple exercises can make you a better speaker.
  • 6. I paid attention to unnecessary things at first.
  • 7. Trying is the best way to see what you can do well.
A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

2. Аудирование: True/False/Not stated

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A‑G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу.

A. It is summer when Chloe and Liam talk.
B. Chloe adores little bunnies.
C. Liam found old food under his bed.
D. Liam and Chloe disagree that cleaning influences mood.
E. Chloe cleans the house little by little.
F. Chloe lives in a country house.
G. Liam has never washed curtains.

3. Аудирование: выбор ответа

Вы услышите текст. В заданиях 3–9 запишите номер правильного варианта (1, 2 или 3). В каждом задании выберите один правильный ответ.

3. What is the name of the radio show?
4. According to Dr. Taylor, what can you add to water to make it tastier?
5. Why does Dr. Taylor recommend drinking plant-based milk?
6. Why does Dr. Taylor say that juices are less healthy than whole fruits?
7. What problem did the student in Dr. Taylor's story face after drinking energy drinks?
8. Why does Dr. Taylor think it's important for kids to choose healthy drinks?
9. What advice does Dr. Taylor give to listeners who love sweet drinks?

4. Чтение: сопоставление заголовков

Установите соответствие между текстами A‑G и заголовками 1‑8. Один заголовок лишний. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

Тексты A‑G
A.

What is the most popular souvenir to bring from a tour to Russia? Certainly, it is a Matryoshka — a Russian wooden doll. It is considered to be a symbol of Russian folk art and culture. It can perfectly grace one's home and bring to mind the most exciting moments of the trip. Generally, a Matryoshka is not just one doll, but a whole set of beautifully painted toys, with smaller dolls stacked within the bigger ones. The unusual thing is that the number of hidden dolls can reach even more than 50 toys in a single batch.

B.

The word "Matryoshka" is among the top 5 words that are strongly associated with Russia. Only a few Russian words were borrowed into other world languages unchanged. The word "Matryoshka" is one of them, despite the fact that the word is hard to pronounce. Different spellings can be found in English texts: "Matrioshka," "Matreshka," "Matreoshka" or even "Matrushka." At the same time, there are other names for a Matryoshka doll. It can be called a babushka doll or a nesting doll.

C.

The Matryoshka goes back further than 125 years. The first Matryoshka appeared in the late 19th century in Moscow. According to one of the legends, the doll's ancestor is a figurine of the wise old Japanese man named Fukurama. It was brought to Russia by Elizaveta Mamontova. According to another legend, the artist Sergei Malyutin found a similar doll in the local museum of handicrafts. His sketch was used by the turner Vasily Zvezdochkin to create the first wooden doll with seven smaller ones inside.

D.

The new doll was given the name Matryona, which was one of the most popular female names in Russia back then. This name came from the Latin word "mater," or mother, and was considered appropriate for a mother of a large family. The first Matryoshka doll, which has become a symbol of motherhood since then, was painted as a simple woman in a sundress, with an apron and a headscarf. Till now, a Matryoshka symbolises the continuation of life, with smaller dolls inside showing kids of different ages.

E.

The export of Matryoshkas began at the beginning of the 20th century. This was highly promoted at international craft fairs. In 1900, the doll was shown at the international fair of handicrafts in Paris. The lovely character of a Russian woman gained popularity — first among the visitors of the fair, and then quickly spread out through other European countries. The Matryoshka's popularity peaked in the summer of 1957, when the World Festival of Youth and Students was held in Moscow. Lots of participants bought dolls and carried them all over the world.

F.

The main purpose of a Matryoshka doll is to surprise people. A Matryoshka can wear different faces, from a beautiful young woman, to a farmer, or even a bride and a groom. There are nesting dolls of famous artists and politicians. Craftsmen who paint Matryoshkas are in no way limited in using their imagination. They can experiment with the richness of colours, or various styles of clothing. Sets of Matryoshka dolls can demonstrate historical events, characters of fairy tales, stories, and other literary works.

G.

Matryoshka dolls are made of linden, and it is easy to say which part of Russia a Matryoshka was made in. A Zagorskaya Matryoshka is very contrasting and painted with simple techniques. A Semionovskaya Matryoshka always has a floral design with images of flowers. It is characterised by bright red and yellow colours. A Tverskaya Matryoshka often wears a face of a historical or fairy-tale character such as The Snow Maiden or Vasilisa the Beautiful. This version of a doll is loved by Russian kids of all ages.

5. Чтение: восстановление текста

Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски A‑F частями предложений 1‑7. Одна часть лишняя. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

Kamchatka

Kamchatka is known as the land of ice and fire. It is one of the wildest regions in the world. The Kamchatka Peninsula is a wonderful place A____, flora, and fauna. Home to brown bears, active volcanoes, and just about 300,000 people, the Russian peninsula's long coastline holds a lot of potential for a great adventure.

Kamchatka is famous for its volcanoes. They are depicted on the coat of arms of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, B____. There are more than 300 volcanoes in Kamchatka. About 30 of them are active, or potentially active. From time to time, they cause some small pushes under the ground. Kamchatka volcanoes are included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Besides, there are up to 14 thousand rivers and streams in Kamchatka, C____.

Kamchatka is also famous for the Valley of Geysers, D____. The Valley of Geysers is the only geyser field on the Eurasia continent. Famous volcanoes, numerous rivers and lakes, geysers, traces of wild animals, E____ what awaits tourists in Kamchatka. Many tourist camps were built in Kamchatka in the past few years. Tourist infrastructure there is getting better and better nowadays. Nevertheless, Kamchatka is not a very popular region among tourists, because of the distance. There is only one way F____ from the European part of Russia from Moscow.

6. Чтение: выбор ответа

Прочитайте текст. В заданиях 12–18 запишите номер правильного варианта (1, 2, 3 или 4). В каждом задании выберите один правильный ответ.

Boundaries for self-care

A woman named Bella recently sent me a message on social media: "I take a walk by myself every morning, for my own mental health. Lately, my elderly neighbour has been inviting herself along, waiting for me to come outside, then joining me. She's very nice, and it's clear she likes the company, but this is the only alone time I get in my day. How can I say 'no' to her without feeling mean?"

I understand what Bella means. We (especially women) are often told that it's selfish to put our own feelings and needs first. This is a common objection to boundaries -- your limits, what's OK and what's not. Setting limits feels like building a wall between people and creating division. But remember, boundaries aren't walls, they're fences. And good fences make for good neighbours.

Boundaries allow those who care about us to support us in the way we want to be supported. They provide a clear line between what we find helpful and harmful, so people don't have to try to read our minds. They let us engage in relationships fully and openly, knowing we've clearly expressed our limits, and make it easier for others to respect our needs. In fact, the best way to preserve a relationship often includes setting boundaries within it.

Bella liked her neighbour and wanted to have a good relationship with her. If this neighbour kept crashing her morning walks, Bella was going to become resentful, then angry, and perhaps even lash out one morning out of sheer frustration. Setting a boundary here would be an act of kindness, allowing Bella to care for her neighbour without putting her own needs on hold to do so.

You're not being mean when you set boundaries, you're being kind -- to yourself and your relationships. But that doesn't mean they're not uncomfortable. Any conflict can be uncomfortable -- if your burger comes out rare instead of medium-well, I'm betting at least some of you would just eat it, rather than speak up. Setting boundaries can be uncomfortable, because when we set a boundary, we're expressing a limit that hasn't yet been established (while perhaps pointing out someone else's inconsiderate behaviour), and asking if the other person is willing to make an adjustment for the good of the relationship.

My research shows that the main reason people don't set boundaries where they need them is that it's so uncomfortable. I won't try to pretend otherwise -- I feel it, too. It's not always easy for me to say "no" to a highly-respected work colleague, to ask my husband for alone time, or to tell my parents, "I won't discuss this with you further." Speaking up in the moment, advocating for yourself, and asking for what you need is uncomfortable. Nevertheless, what's both uncomfortable and damaging is telling the story again that someone else's feelings are more important or worthy than your own -- which is what you do every time you swallow your healthy boundary in an effort to keep the peace.

The truth is, when someone oversteps your limit, there is no comfortable solution. However, one path is paved with short-term discomfort that leads to major long-term improvements in your health and happiness -- and the other path is just an endless circle that leaves you feeling unworthy, anxious, angry, and resentful.

One of those hurts much more. And for those of you stuck on this path, I have to ask -- how's that been working out for you, really? How has it felt to honour everyone's needs but your own? I bet the reason you're reading this article is that it's not going very well at all. What boundaries give you is a better way -- the one that leads to more fulfilling relationships, improved self-confidence, better health, and more time and energy for the things that are important to you. Вопросы и варианты (копировать в rawQuestions после текста): text

12. What is Bella's problem outlined by the author in paragraph 1?
13. Why do most people feel against boundaries, according to the author?
14. Which is NOT mentioned as an advantage of setting boundaries in paragraph 3?
15. The phrasal verb lash out in "and perhaps even lash out one morning" (paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to becoming...
16. As for setting her own boundaries, the author says they are...
17. That in "how's that been working out for you" (paragraph 8) most probably refers to...
18. What is the main idea of the text?

7. Грамматика: преобразование форм

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19‑24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19‑24.

Hogmanay

Do you know what Hogmanay is? Every year as the long winter nights creep by, Scotland looks forward to the party 19__ of the calendar when the Scottish people defy the darkness to see out the old year, and welcome in the new. For centuries, the time of year around the shortest day 20__ a period of merrymaking for people in temperate climes around the world. In societies where the day-to-day lives of most people 21__ the rhythm of the changing seasons, the passing of the longest night heralded the coming of new life to the world. For the ancient Romans, the winter solstice 22__ the festival of Saturnalia, from the 17th to the 23rd of December. 23__ Saturnalia, the Roman New Year began on the 1st of January, giving us our traditional date today which Scotland has used since 1600. The origin of the word "Hogmanay" 24__ is uncertain. Whatever its origin, Hogmanay was common practice by 1604, when it was first mentioned in written records.

8. Грамматика: словообразование

Прочитайте текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25‑29, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.

There are numerous non-profit organizations in Moscow. Many of them are engaged in taking care of 25__ animals in Moscow. Volunteers help animals in 26__ ways. They save lives of cats and dogs and provide them with shelter; they also give care to other animals in trouble. Anyone can join Nika foundation which is supported by the Moscow 27__. The foundation has two shelters with about a thousand dogs and a hundred cats waiting for their 28__. The foundation is especially happy when a family for a dog is found in difficult cases. The president of the Nika charity can share many success stories. Here is one of them, "Once we received a very large alabai-sized dog. No one wanted to take it, since such a giant will feel 29__ in an ordinary apartment. But it all came to a good end. A volunteer took the dog to her parents who live in the countryside. Now they go hiking together".

9. Лексика: заполнение пропусков

Прочитайте текст. В заданиях 30–36 выберите один правильный вариант из четырёх предложенных.

Ronda

It was pouring rain on Tuesday morning. Ronda's umbrella had turned inside out as soon as she left the subway, and she was soaked. She felt like a drowned rat. Ronda Jones 30 at the bank before Jeff Butler. Jeff looked no better when he came. He had forgotten his umbrella in the taxi he had taken from Christie's Auction House, and he was ten minutes late. Traffic had been awful. She saw him 31 around the lobby of the bank when he got there, trying to figure out who she was. She 32 how tall he was. He 33 very businesslike. He looked more like a banker than an auctioneer.

"Miss Jones?" Jeff asked, looking uncertain as she smiled, nodded, and shook his hand. Then she 34 him to Fred Parker. Jeff seemed pleasant and polite, as the two men greeted each other. They followed Fred Parker downstairs to the safe deposit boxes. Now all they had to do was 35 a decision on how to dispose of the jewels. They had stopped running the notices that week, and no heirs had been found. Ronda 36 that no one had surfaced. It was a shame that family jewels with a long history were to be auctioned off and some rich stranger would buy them.

---

10. Письмо: личное письмо

Напишите письмо объёмом 100–140 слов, ответьте на три вопроса. Пишите ответ по правилам оформления письма. Не забудьте поблагодарить друга за полученное письмо и написать, что ждёте от него ответного письма.

From: Michael@school.com
To: Russian_friend@ege.ru
Subject: Future careers

While discussing our career plans at school, I began to think about modern professions. Do you think robots will replace humans at work? What profession will be most popular in the future? Do you believe that everyone should have a career plan from a young age? Why, or why not?

...Last weekend, I helped my family prepare for a trip to the mountains...

11. Письмо: эссе 38.1

Напишите эссе объёмом 200–250 слов, опираясь на предложенный план. Используйте данные из таблицы.

Тема эссе:

Imagine that you are doing a project on what young Zetlanders know about marine life. You have found some data on the subject — the results of a survey conducted among young Zetlanders (see the table below). Comment on the survey data and give your opinion on the subject of the project.


Данные:
Вариант%
Dolphin �42%
Blue whale �25%
Octopus �18%
Manta ray �10%
Sea lion �5%

План:
  • • - make an opening statement on the subject of the project
  • • - select and report 2–3 facts
  • • - make 1–2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments
  • • - outline a problem that can arise with exploring sea depth and suggest a way of solving it
  • • - conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the importance of studying marine life.

12. Письмо: эссе 38.2

Напишите эссе объёмом 200–250 слов, опираясь на предложенный план. Используйте данные из диаграммы.

Диаграмма
Тема эссе:

Imagine that you are doing a project on choosing universities in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results of a survey conducted among Zetland high school students (see the pie chart above). Comment on the survey data and give your opinion on the subject of the project.


План:
  • • - make an opening statement on the subject of the project
  • • - select and report 2-3 facts
  • • - make 1-2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments
  • • - outline a problem related to choosing a university to study at and suggest a way of solving it
  • • - conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the role of higher education in our lives.