EGE 11 класс

Вариант №14

1. Аудирование: сопоставление высказываний

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A‑F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1‑7. Используйте каждое утверждение только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение.

  • 1. It is much better to consume less and use things again.
  • 2. It's better to stop using some materials than recycle them.
  • 3. Recycling is a must for every responsible person.
  • 4. Recycling is good for the planet but it can be expensive.
  • 5. Recycling programs are unpopular because they cost a lot.
  • 6. Recycling activities can do good to the community.
  • 7. With a few changes it is easy to do good for the environment.
A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

2. Аудирование: True/False/Not stated

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A‑G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу.

A. Jack has astronomy classes twice a week.
B. Rose doesn't know that the Sun is a star.
C. Rose read about black holes in a book.
D. Jack learnt about constellations from his dad.
E. Jack has an elder brother.
F. Rose has seen a falling star.
G. Rose believes that there is no life on other planets.

3. Аудирование: выбор ответа

Вы услышите текст. В заданиях 3–9 запишите номер правильного варианта (1, 2 или 3). В каждом задании выберите один правильный ответ.

3. Which group of people does the program target?
4. Parker O'Harra has been friends with Mary for...
5. As a casting director, Peter is looking for someone who wishes to...
6. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Peter as a must for show participants?
7. What should participants do before auditions?
8. Why should teenagers audition with mezzo- soprano songs?
9. During the auditions participants should...

4. Чтение: сопоставление заголовков

Установите соответствие между текстами A‑G и заголовками 1‑8. Один заголовок лишний. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

Тексты A‑G
A.

Chocolate is extracted from the fruit of the cacao tree, which grows exclusively in tropical climates. The cacao tree is native to Central and South America, but once European invaders discovered the delicacy in the 18th century, the popularity of chocolate took off, and farmers soon established plantations in other parts of the world. Today, Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, Nigeria, Indonesia and Brazil account for around 80% of the world's cacao production. More than half of the chocolate we consume comes from West African countries.

B.

Historically, fine chocolate falls into three main categories: dark chocolate, milk chocolate and white chocolate. Dark chocolate is made with chocolate liquor, cocoa butter, lecithin, sugar and vanilla. Milk chocolate includes the same ingredients as dark chocolate plus milk fats and milk solids. White chocolate is made with the same ingredients as milk chocolate, except it does not include the chocolate liquor. The type of chocolate depends on what ingredients are present and the percentage of cocoa.

C.

For many years, physicians warned against eating too much chocolate — suggesting that its high fat content contributed to acne, caries, obesity, high blood pressure, heart disease and diabetes. However, in recent years, the discovery of antioxidant compounds in chocolate has changed this perception and stimulated research on its potential health benefits. Cocoa has healthy forms of dietary fat in it, and contains minerals important for human health, including potassium, phosphorus, copper, iron, zinc and magnesium.

D.

Cocoa contains high levels of flavonoids, chemicals in plants that are known for their health benefits in humans. Dark chocolate contains especially high amounts of flavonoids, which may be the reason why chocolate consumption has been associated with a decreased risk of heart disease in recent years, according to the 2013 review. Some recent studies have found that regular chocolate consumption is also associated with lower blood pressure, decreased stress levels, increased attention and quick reaction.

E.

Studies that have found beneficial health outcomes related to chocolate consumption have focused on the consumption of dark chocolate, which has less sugar and fat content than milk chocolate. In addition, the studies looked at moderate amounts of chocolate consumption. Like many foods, chocolate is healthiest when eaten in moderation. The sugars and fats added to chocolate make it high in calories, which may lead to weight gain. Many of the protective effects can be negated by overconsumption.

F.

Recently, an up-to-date type of chocolate has been invented — ruby chocolate. This variety of chocolate joined the list in 2017. Barry Callebaut, the world's largest cocoa processing company, developed the pink-hued chocolate by adding a powder that is naturally extracted as cocoa beans are processed to make chocolate. So it is without any flavourings, or additives: it is purely coming out of the cocoa bean. According to its creators, ruby chocolate has a lighter flavour than milk chocolate and is not as sweet.

G.

It may be surprising but chocolate production can harm the environment. Farmers often clear forests to make room for cacao plantations. According to the World Wildlife Fund, about 70% of the Ivory Coast's illegal deforestation is related to cacao farming. One danger of deforestation is soil erosion, which can make cultivated land less fertile for cacao plants, creating a vicious cycle. Farmers and scientists are currently working to develop strategies to maintain safe and eco- friendly chocolate production.

5. Чтение: восстановление текста

Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски A‑F частями предложений 1‑7. Одна часть лишняя. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

Adventure spirit

Few places on the planet rival Australia for its spirit of adventure. Blessed with a mosaic of rugged and beautiful landscapes, this country offers perfect settings for exciting outdoor adventures on land and sea. Along the coast, one can zoom through a horizontal waterfall on a jet boat, snorkel with whale sharks, sail around the tropical islands, A____

In the red- earthed deserts of the country's dry interior, more rugged adventures can be found. Australia's famous outback tracks offer four- wheel drive journeys for those into cars, B____ through towering red- walled river gorges. The safest time to paddle through the gorges is during the dry season, from May through November, C____

Many Australian adventures take place in beautiful World Heritage- listed wilderness areas D____ .Tourists can raft the Franklin River in Tasmania, and drive along the beach on Queensland's Fraser Island, E____ Fishing, mountain biking, birding, hiking, and swimming are all popular things to do there.

For those F____ in Sydney one can climb to the summit of the iconic Sydney Harbour Bridge. Guided ascents of the city bridge include a pre- climb preparatory talk, all the safety gear, a photo on the 134- metre- high summit, and entertaining stories about the history of the bridge along the way.

6. Чтение: выбор ответа

Прочитайте текст. В заданиях 12–18 запишите номер правильного варианта (1, 2, 3 или 4). В каждом задании выберите один правильный ответ.

Why I write my journal

Before I started writing my bullet journal, I kept asking: "Is it a to- do list, a planner, or a diary?" This was my main question, and I was very annoyed when they told me it was all of these things. But it is all of these things!

I like bullet journaling because it's a great way to track my day- to- day activities, as well as my long- term goals. Planners and to- do lists typically only focus on what you're doing in the future, and diaries typically focus on what you did that day. But all of these things give us a complete picture of who we are. Before I started bullet journaling, the idea of keeping my diary, my personal to- do list, and my work tasks in the same place seemed absurd. But now I understand both how to organise that, and also why it makes sense.

I'm amazed at how many things I left out of my old diaries - I basically just wrote about boys I had crushes on and nothing else. I didn't write nearly enough about my friends, cool things I was reading, or simply what my daily routine was like. Bullet journaling helps you record all of the things that are going on in your life, and makes it easy to keep track of the things you want to do in the future.

It also gives me a space to literally record anything else that doesn't fall into any of these categories - I have used my journals to take notes in class when I forgot my subject notebook, in meetings, in info sessions. I've used it to plan essays and presentations. I even used it as an art journal, where I would draw or just stick random things onto the pages.

However, many might think that journaling is too time- consuming. "How do you keep up with it?" - this is the question that I get every time I show someone my journals. Yes, it can be time- consuming - if you make it to be. Like the general consensus, I realised quickly that setting up the planner layout at the beginning of every month was too time- consuming, and resorted to use the journal to record all of my random thoughts and ideas before they float away into nothingness. I used it as a combination of a diary, planner, and to- do lists - where I could write whatever's in my mind and whatever's necessary. Pay attention to the key word: necessary. Don't feel pressured to keep up with a structure and to set aside a time to journal when you don't actually have the time. The journal is yours and it's meant to help you!

The only reason why I've kept up with it for so long is that I've forgotten how to function as well as I do now without one. I honestly need it to sort out all the projects I'm involved in, and to keep myself sane. It's a productivity tool as well as therapy. But I don't always "keep up" with my journal. If I've set aside a page to track my spending, and suddenly I don't feel like that's useful anymore, I'll just abandon it. It's your journal, your rules.

Personally, I write literally everything. I've shamelessly recommended journaling to many people over the past year and many people have told me that they are too scared to write. Some mention that they don't know how to make their pages look pretty. I always say the same thing: it really doesn't need to be pretty for it to be useful. I try to make mine nice to look at because I wanted to be creative with it. It was one of my goals when I started a journal. But if you aren't into aesthetics, feel free to use a pen and a blank journal.

You also don't have to write that much. Why force yourself to write pages and pages if you have nothing to say? Just write down things that you find interesting, and things that you need to write down - like... a grocery list, or, the homework problems given in class. And if you make a mistake, just turn over to a new page and start over. After all, that's the beauty of a blank journal.

12. Before the author started bullet journaling she thought it was...
13. It is implied that the author mainly used her diaries to write about her...
14. Which is NOT mentioned in the text as a good use of a journal?
15. It in "Yes, it can be time consuming" (paragraph 5) most probably refers to...
16. Why did the author write her journal for so long?
17. Which advice does the author give to those people who are afraid of starting a journal?
18. What is the main idea of the article?

7. Грамматика: преобразование форм

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19‑24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19‑24.

What happened at the battle of Hastings?

In the early morning of 14 October 1066, two great armies prepared to fight for the throne of England. On a hilltop 7 miles from Hastings were the forces of Harold, who 19__ king nine months before. 20__ them on the far side of the valley below were the troops of Duke William of Normandy, who believed he was the rightful king. By the end of the day, thousands 21__ dead on the battlefield, and the victorious William was one step nearer to seizing the throne. There are a number of sources giving us detailed information about the battle. We know that by the evening of 13 October, the English and Norman armies were encamped within sight of each other at the place now 22__ simply as Battle. Duke William of Normandy had had plenty of time to prepare his forces since landing at Pevensey over two weeks 23__. Harold, by contrast, had just won a hard-fought battle at Stamford Bridge, near York, where he had defeated another claimant to the English throne, Harald Hardrada, King of Norway. When the news of William's landing reached Harold, he rushed his battle-weary army back south, 24__ only briefly in London to gather extra forces.

8. Грамматика: словообразование

Прочитайте текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25‑29, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.

Mamayev Kurgan

The great battle on the Volga River became a turning point in the World War II. Due to its convenient 25__ in the very centre of the city, Mamayev Kurgan held the key position in the defence of Stalingrad. It is here where a 26__ memorial complex was erected. Mamayev Kurgan Memorial complex "To the heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad" in Volgograd is a symbol of 27__ of the Soviet people and a tribute to the memory of those who perished in battle. The key element of the ensemble is a world-famous sculpture "The Motherland Calls!", one of the most 28__ war monuments. At the time of its 29__ in 1967, the statue was the largest free-standing sculpture in the world. Today, it's the tallest sculpture of a woman in the world.

9. Лексика: заполнение пропусков

Прочитайте текст. В заданиях 30–36 выберите один правильный вариант из четырёх предложенных.

Gilbert

Gilbert Coleman had edited the fourth draft of Mr Taylor's remarkable memoirs. Now all he wanted to do was take the first available flight to London and hand the manuscript to his publisher. But there was something even more important that 30 him from leaving. An 31 he had no intention of missing, under any circumstances. His mother's seventieth birthday party.

Susan, his mother, had lived in a cottage on the estate since her second husband's death three years before. She 32 actively involved with several local charities, and 33 she shortened her jogging distance, she continued to jog every day. Gilbert would never forget the personal sacrifices his mother had made to 34 won a scholarship to Hartford, and with it the chance to compete with anyone, whatever their background, 35 his oldest friend Dave Dowson.

Gilbert and Dave had first met at the church over forty years ago, and seemed an unlikely pair to end up as best friends. One born in the back streets of the docks, the other in a private ward of the London Royal Infirmary. One a scholar, the other a sportsman. And certainly no one would have 36 that Gilbert would fall in love with Dave's sister, except Alice herself, who claimed she had planned the whole thing after they first met at Dave's twelfth birthday party.

30. 1) pretended 2) prevented 3) presented 4) preserved 31. 1) event 2) accident 3) incident 4) occurrence 32. 1) remained 2) resolved 3) removed 4) retained 33. 1) despite 2) although 3) however 4) moreover 34. 1) confirm 2) support 3) provide 4) ensure 35. 1) containing 2) consisting 3) including 4) adding 36. 1) predicted 2) preferred 3) preceded 4) prepared

10. Письмо: личное письмо

Напишите письмо объёмом 100–140 слов, ответьте на три вопроса. Пишите ответ по правилам оформления письма. Не забудьте поблагодарить друга за полученное письмо и написать, что ждёте от него ответного письма.

From: Mike@mail.uk
To: Russian_friend@ege.ru
Subject: Photography

...Many of my friends enjoy photography a lot, and I like it too. What is your attitude to photography? Is it a popular hobby in your region? Why, or why not? What new hobby would you like to take up in the future?Yesterday I bought a present for my sister's birthday...

11. Письмо: эссе 38.1

Напишите эссе объёмом 200–250 слов, опираясь на предложенный план. Используйте данные из таблицы.

Тема эссе:

Imagine that you are doing a project on the most popular home decor in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject — the results of a survey conducted among Zetlanders (see the table below). Comment on the survey data and give your opinion on the subject of the project.


Данные:
Вариант%
Wall art (posters, prints, paintings)39%
Vases25%
Table lamps15%
Cushions11%
Rugs10%

План:
  • • - make an opening statement on the subject of the project
  • • - select and report 2-3 facts
  • • - make 1-2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments
  • • - outline a problem that can arise with decorating your house and suggest a way of solving it
  • • - conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the best decoration for your room.

12. Письмо: эссе 38.2

Напишите эссе объёмом 200–250 слов, опираясь на предложенный план. Используйте данные из диаграммы.

Диаграмма
Тема эссе:

Imagine that you are doing a project on the most popular pet animals in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject - the results of a survey conducted among Zetlanders (see the pie chart above). Comment on the survey data and give your opinion on the subject of the project.


План:
  • • - make an opening statement on the subject of the project
  • • - select and report 2-3 facts
  • • - make 1-2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments
  • • - outline a problem that can arise with having dogs as pets and suggest a way of solving it
  • • - conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the benefits of having a pet in a family.