Вариант 16 – ege 11 класс

1. Аудирование: сопоставление высказываний

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A‑F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1‑7. Используйте каждое утверждение только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение.

1. People had better not give what they eat to pets.
2. Some pet care can be harder than expected.
3. Thinking ahead about your pet's home is useful.
4. Exotic animals require more time and attention.
5. There is nothing bad about feeding pets what we eat.
6. It can be nice to have this animal as one's first pet.
7. Keeping a wild animal as a pet is not a good idea.

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

2. Аудирование: True/False/Not stated

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A‑G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу.

A. Sheryl is not feeling well.

B. Ms. Green believes that a book swap is a good idea.

C. Sheryl doesn't like reading books.

D. Edward thinks that they may raise money by selling drinks.

E. Edward has a book about Earth's atmosphere.

F. Sheryl suggests organizing a direct swap of books among students.

G. Edward suggests creating an event on social media.

3. Аудирование: выбор ответа

Вы услышите текст. В заданиях 3–9 запишите номер правильного варианта (1, 2 или 3). В каждом задании выберите один правильный ответ.

3. How often does the program run?

1) Once a week.

2) Twice a week.

3) Three times a week.

4. Which skill is essential for becoming a conductor?

1) An ability to inspire the audience.

2) An ability to play an instrument.

3) An ability to speak English.

5. Simon believes that for a conductor music is...

1) love at first sight.

2) a source of inspiration.

3) a way of communication.

6. Why do conductors need leadership skills?

1) To motivate orchestra players.

2) To deal with potential conflicts.

3) To get the best instruments.

7. Why do conductors need to speak European languages?

1) To study music at college.

2) To understand music language.

3) To communicate with musicians.

8. What is the lowest educational level required for professional musicians?

1) No level required.

2) Bachelor's degree.

3) Master's degree.

9. What does Simon NOT mention as a way to get experience?

1) Attending other orchestras' practice sessions.

2) Listening to music performed by composers.

3) Using videos to imitate other conductors.

4. Чтение: сопоставление заголовков

Установите соответствие между текстами A‑G и заголовками 1‑8. Один заголовок лишний. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

Тексты A‑G

A.

Today, Russia is washed by 13 seas. However, this was not always the case. In the 16th century, the country had only been able to directly access the Arctic Ocean and fought a hard battle to establish some sort of a presence in the Baltic Sea. In 1581, during the Livonian War, Swedish forces captured Narva, which was the only large Russian port on the Baltic coast at that time and was of strategic importance to Russia. So, the Russian tsar Ivan IV had nothing left to do but to look to the north.

B.

In absolute terms, European trade was booming in the 16th century, new trading routes were searched for. It was nearly impossible for Russia to engage in trade with Western Europe in such conditions, but it was absolutely necessary for Russia's continued development. English traders by then had already carved a route to Russian settlements on the shores of the White Sea. However, there were too few local piers for effective trade to take place. A large full-fledged port was required for merchants' ships.

C.

On March 4, 1583, the tsar ordered the establishment of a city near the Mikhailo-Archangel monastery, located at the mouth of the Northern Dvina River, 30 kilometres from the White Sea. The following year, the New Kholmogory fortress was built there and, from the 17th century onwards, it became known as Arkhangelsk. The fortress was constructed from masts tied together. The most skillful master of carpentry could not have produced anything better. It became Russia's only route into Europe then.

D.

Arkhangelsk developed rapidly as a city, and there were many good reasons for that. A large sea pier was constructed, as well as trade centres for foreign merchants - so-called Guest Courts. Brits, Dutch and other "Germans" brought imported cloth, velvet, lace, wines, precious stones, gunpowder and cannons, bringing back with them wheat, pork and pork fat, sable, sap and other goods. Almost all of Russia's trade with the West in those days used to be conducted through Arkhangelsk.

E.

Peter I visited the city in 1693 and came to be rather impressed with what he saw: the amount and variety of foreign ships dazzled the young tsar. On his orders, the shipyard was founded, which oversaw the construction of the Russian trading and naval fleet. On June 25, 1701, at the very start of the Northern War against Sweden, the enemy attempted to take the city, but was crushed in the area near the Novodvinsk fortress, which guarded the approaches. This became the first major Russian victory in that war.

F.

At the start of his reign, Peter I accomplished a lot for the development of Arkhangelsk, but, in the end, it was also he who bore the blame for the fading glory of this key centre of Russian trade. After the tide of the war turned in Russian favour, the tsar's decrees began deliberately redirecting the flow of trade from Arkhangelsk to St. Petersburg. In 1718, only a third of the exports went through the northern port. And after the war ended, St. Petersburg presided over 100% of all trade with Western states.

G.

Until Peter I fought to create his "window to Europe" through the Baltic Sea, the only window of such kind Russia had ever had was situated in the Arctic Ocean. It was the city of Arkhangelsk. Arkhangelsk has long stopped being the main port in Russia, and the city never served the purpose of the "northern gate" in the country. However, there is one area it never fell behind in - as in the 18th century, the city continues to play a major role in the launching of scientific expeditions into the Arctic Ocean.

5. Чтение: восстановление текста

Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски A‑F частями предложений 1‑7. Одна часть лишняя. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

From soup to liquid

The story of tea drinking could have started like this. Once upon a time the world was A____ and those who drank it. Yet, the harsh truth is that before 700s no one even thought that tea could be anything else but soup.

Sometime in his adolescence, an up- and- coming writer and an accomplished clown, Lu Yu tasted tea soup for the first time. It happened in one of the Buddhist monasteries in Central China. Lu was B____ as it contained ginger, onion, dates, mint and even citrus peels. Threshed together into a smooth paste this 'sauce' was thought to be good for C____ . In fact, people in Asia ate tea leaves for millennia, but it was Lu Yu who made tea drinking the norm.

Lu Yu adored tea, but he preferred it brewed from D____ When he was not busy writing or performing in a comedy troupe, he was searching through the forests for the best tea leaves. He was preparing E____ transforming tea from a soupy food into the perfect liquid we know it today. Lu Yu even wrote a book titled the Tea Classic which spurred a craze for the leaf. In it he elaborated on the production and preparation of the leaf, F____ and the wonderful qualities of the drink. He insisted that tea should only be consumed with water.

6. Чтение: выбор ответа

Прочитайте текст. В заданиях 12–18 запишите номер правильного варианта (1, 2, 3 или 4). В каждом задании выберите один правильный ответ.

College stress

The first time we leave home and start preparing for adult life, college presents intense pressure to achieve high grades and shape successful careers. Students tend to push themselves to the limit both in their academic performance and in their recreational outlets. Yes, being a student can be tough. With the transition to adult life, making new friends and busy schedules for studying college stress is commonplace for most students.

Stress is your body's response to uncomfortable or unfamiliar situations and can surface through a range of physical, emotional, or mental symptoms. The situations that lead to stress can be either negative or positive. Yes, even a high exam score can cause stress among college students, piling on the pressure to maintain the high average!

The important thing to remember about stress is that it should only be temporary; otherwise, it can lead to burnout, or physical and emotional exhaustion. If you find yourself stressed for long periods, first of all, take some time off and do something to distract from the pressure. Here are some other tips on how to reduce it.

One of the most important lessons you can learn during college is to ask for and accept help. Whether from a friend or a professor, being surrounded by a strong support system will help ease the transition into some of the best years of your life.

Admitting what you don't know and studying with a friend could be the difference between a 60% and 80% on your next exam. Asking your professor for an extension on your next paper might give you the time you need to write that last page. Try not to put so much weight on every situation and remind yourself that college is a time for clarification and exploration and should be enjoyed.

The next vital tip is to manage your health. Eating healthy food can make a huge impact on alleviating stress and positive thinking. Make sure you avoid fast food and energy drinks as the fix will be temporary and will cause you to crash. Instead, eat lots of stress busting food. Green leafy vegetables like spinach contain folate that produce dopamine, a pleasure inducing brain chemical that will help you feel calm. Protein foods like eggs and meat help produce serotonin that regulates hunger and feelings of happiness and well-being. Omega 3 foods such as salmon have anti-inflammatory properties that help counteract the negative effects of stress hormones.

Other foods such as blueberries, seeds, dark chocolate, avocado, nuts, yoghurt and oatmeal also help counter stress.

Many daily strategies also can help you keep stress at bay. Try relaxation activities, such as meditation, yoga, tai chi, breathing exercises and muscle relaxation. Programs are available online, in smartphone apps, and at many gyms and community centers.

Stay positive and practice gratitude, acknowledging the good parts of your day or life. Accept that you can't control everything. Find ways to let go of worry about situations you cannot change. Learn to say "no" to additional responsibilities when you are too busy or stressed.

Finally, stay connected with people who keep you calm, make you happy, provide emotional support and help you with practical things. A friend, family member or neighbour can become a good listener or share responsibilities so that stress doesn't become overwhelming.

Yes, college can be a scary and overwhelming time in a person's life, but it can also be one of the most rewarding. Stress that college students feel can often affect their academic achievements as well as their personal life. However, everything is manageable if you tackle it wisely.

12. According to the article, college stress is...

1) typical for the majority of students.

2) higher for those who leave their parents.

3) more of a problem for students with high grades.

4) a natural marker of beginning adult life.

13. Why does the author think that high exam scores can cause stress?

1) Positive things can lead to stress more often.

2) Achieving good results is hard work.

3) It is stressful to keep up the excellent level.

4) Students with high scores have symptoms of stress.

14. What advice does the author NOT give about help in college?

1) Admit being in need of assistance and call for it.

2) Remember the importance of professional psychological help.

3) Seek assistance from those you know.

4) Ask a teacher to prolong a deadline for a task.

15. What is the author's advice on eating to counter stress?

1) Keeping on a vegetarian diet will help to control stress.

2) What you drink is more important than what you eat.

3) Eat protein-containing food several times a day.

4) A varied diet is vital to reduce stress hormones.

16. The expression "keep stress at bay" in "Many daily strategies also can help you keep stress at bay" (paragraph 6) is closest in meaning to...

1) increase.

2) investigate.

3) control.

4) remove.

17. It is implied in the text that saying 'no' helps to...

1) keep you busy.

2) stay positive.

3) control emotions.

4) reduce stress levels.

18. The author's main goal is to...

1) give advice on how to deal with stress.

2) warn against harmful effects of college life.

3) encourage to do special stress-reducing exercise.

4) provide emotional support to students under pressure.

7. Грамматика: преобразование форм

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19‑24, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19‑24.

War and Peace

War and Peace, a novel by Leo Tolstoy, is a picture of Russian life set against a background of Napoleon's invasion. It is one of the 19__ novels of world literature. Considerable parts of the book 20__ to Tolstoy's theory of history. However, the greatness of War and Peace 21__ in its philosophy or in any contribution to the facts or theory of history. It depends on the building of a vast panorama of the whole society out of innumerable minute realistic details.

Moscow

What do you know about Moscow? It 22__ the capital of Russia for a long time. However, when it was first mentioned in historical records around 1147, it was nothing more than a tiny town of little importance. Muscovites today consider Prince Yuri Dolgorukiy their city's founding father, but it was only recorded that he dined with friends in the town of "Moskov", 23__ after the local Moscow River. It remains unclear exactly when this town was established. A small fortress was built on Borovitsky Hill by Dolgorukiy's son, Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky; it was the first in a long succession of structures that eventually became the Moscow Kremlin. Moscow remained a small town while the nearby city of Vladimir 24__ in prominence and overtook Kiev, the old capital, in importance.

8. Грамматика: словообразование

Прочитайте текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25‑29, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.

The bird world

There are more than 9,000 different types, or species, of birds. These have been organized by 25__ into groups called orders which contain many different species. The largest order is called the passerines, also known as perching or song birds. These include common birds such as robins. Birds are 26__ creatures — the only living beings that have feathers. Feathers keep a bird warm and protect it from the wind and rain. Its wing and tail feathers allow a bird to fly. Some birds also have very colourful feathers. This helps them to attract mates or blend in with their 27__. This is called camouflage. All birds lay eggs. It would be 28__ for birds to carry their developing young inside their bodies like mammals do — they would become too heavy to fly. All birds have a beak for eating. Hunting birds, such as hawks and eagles, have 29__ hooked beaks.

9. Лексика: заполнение пропусков

Прочитайте текст. В заданиях 30–36 выберите один правильный вариант из четырёх предложенных.

Oliver

The second term started. During it, Oliver never once 30 a lesson at school. When he returned home each evening, he went straight up to the bedroom he shared with his elder brother, where, with the aid of a torch, he 31 when his mother found Oliver sound asleep on the floor, open books scattered around him.

Every day he continued to visit his uncle, who seemed to know a great deal about different countries, and continued to teach Oliver about so many other things, 32 as if he knew where his teachers had left off. His brother was 33 because Oliver no longer accompanied him to the cinema to watch new films on Saturday night, but returned to school where his teacher of mathematics, Mr Daley, gave him extra lessons. It would be years before Oliver 34 that Mr Daley never gave so much attention to his classmates. Oliver was his favourite student because he worked hard and was 35 on mathematics.

This morning Oliver was very early at school. He was going to take part in a maths competition. He followed the teacher down a long corridor that was lined with photographs of old school teams and display cabinets filled with silver cups, to 36 the next generation of past glories. When they reached the Headmaster's office, the teacher said, "You can sit anywhere you like, Oliver. Just make sure to stop talking the moment the Headmaster enters."

30. 1) failed 2) missed 3) lost 4) lacked 31. 1) circumstances 2) affairs 3) accidents 4) occasions 32. 1) almost 2) although 3) already 4) altogether 33. 1) disregarded 2) disappointed 3) disillusioned 4) disapproved 34. 1) received 2) required 3) realised 4) revised 35. 1) fond 2) eager 3) sharp 4) keen 36. 1) review 2) remember 3) remind 4) remain

10. Письмо: личное письмо

Напишите письмо объёмом 100–140 слов, ответьте на три вопроса. Пишите ответ по правилам оформления письма. Не забудьте поблагодарить друга за полученное письмо и написать, что ждёте от него ответного письма.

From: Molly@mail.uk

To: Russian_friend@ege.ru

Subject: Presents

...I am so happy that it's nearly Christmas time and I can finally go shopping for presents. What do Russian teenagers buy as presents? What are the advantages of shopping right before holidays? Do you prefer to get practical or decorative presents, and why?
My parents went on holiday last week...

Ваш ответ (письмо)

11. Письмо: эссе 38.1

Напишите эссе объёмом 200–250 слов, опираясь на предложенный план. Используйте данные из таблицы.

Тема эссе:

Imagine that you are doing a project on why some Zetlanders move to small towns. You have found some data on the subject — the results of a survey conducted among the Zetlanders who have moved to small towns (see the table below). Comment on the survey data and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

Данные:

Вариант	%
A sense of community	37%
Better ecology	28%
Good childcare facilities	15%
No traffic jams	12%
Big houses	8%

План:

• - make an opening statement on the subject of the project
• - select and report 2-3 facts
• - make 1-2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments
• - outline a problem that can arise with moving to a small town and suggest a way of solving it
• - conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the advantages of living in small towns.

Ваш ответ (эссе)

12. Письмо: эссе 38.2

Напишите эссе объёмом 200–250 слов, опираясь на предложенный план. Используйте данные из диаграммы.

Тема эссе:

Imagine that you are doing a project on the most popular film genres among Zetland teenagers. You have found some data on the subject — the results of a survey conducted among Zetland teenagers (see the pie chart above). Comment on the survey data and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

План:

• - make an opening statement on the subject of the project
• - select and report 2-3 facts
• - make 1-2 comparisons where relevant and give your comments
• - outline a problem that can arise when selecting a film to watch and suggest a way of solving it
• - conclude by giving and explaining your opinion on the most interesting film genre for you.

Ваш ответ (эссе)

Критерий	Макс. балл	Содержание
K1 – Решение коммуникативной задачи (задание 37)	2	2 балла – полностью; 1 балл – 1-2 аспекта не раскрыты; 0 – 3+ аспекта отсутствуют.
K2 – Организация (задание 37)	2	2 балла – логично, абзацы, средства связи; 1 – 2-3 ошибки; 0 – 4+ ошибок.
K3 – Языковое оформление (задание 37)	2	2 балла – 1-2 ошибки; 1 – 3-4 ошибки; 0 – 5+ ошибок.
К1 – Решение КЗ (задание 38)	3	3 балла – все аспекты раскрыты; 2 – 1 аспект не раскрыт; 1 – 2 аспекта не раскрыты; 0 – не выполнено.
К2 – Организация (задание 38)	3	3 – логично, структура, средства связи; 2 – 1-3 ошибки; 1 – 4-5 ошибок; 0 – 6+ ошибок.
К3 – Лексика (задание 38)	3	3 – 1 ошибка; 2 – 2-3 ошибки; 1 – 4 ошибки; 0 – 5+ ошибок.
К4 – Грамматика (задание 38)	3	3 – 1-2 негрубые ошибки; 2 – 3-4 ошибки; 1 – 5-7 ошибок; 0 – 8+ ошибок.
К5 – Орфография и пунктуация (задание 38)	2	2 – 1 орфографическая и/или 1 пунктуационная ошибка; 1 – 2-4 ошибки; 0 – 5+ ошибок.

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EGE 11 класс